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- DOS & DON'TS -- Part 20
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- By Jimmy Weiler
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- You should be tired of ordinary
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- SEQ files by now -- we've covered how
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- to open, write, read, and append them.
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- There's not a lot left you can do with
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- them unless you're a lot more
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- sophisticated than we are.
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- This time let's dig into RELative
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- files. (On most OTHER computers
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- they're called random access... but
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- Commodore uses 'random access' to
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- describe user-controlled sector-by-
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- sector disk i/o's so they had to
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- call this type of file something
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- else.)
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- SEQuential files can be thought of
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- as one big chunk of data, like a
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- scroll. Relative files are more like
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- a bunch of little chunks, all the
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- same size, like the index cards in
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- your recipe file, or the pages in a
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- book. The disadvantage of SEQ files
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- is that, just like a scroll, you have
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- to start at the beginning and 'unroll'
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- the contents in the order they were
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- written. Relative files overcome
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- this disadvantage by allowing you to
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- access any individual piece of the
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- file directly, without scanning over
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- the rest of the file.
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- Graphically the data in a sequential
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- and a random file might be represented
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- like this:
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- Sequential file:
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- data/more data/even more data/& some m
- ore data/and the end
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- Relative file:
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- /data //more data /
- /even more data //& some more data /
- /and the end /
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- As you can see, the data is packed
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- into the SEQ file one bit after
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- another, in five records of unequal
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- sizes. In the REL file, there are
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- still five records, but they are all
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- the same size. Because all the
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- records are equally large, DOS is able
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- calculate the location on the disk of
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- any piece of data relative to the
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- start of the file and access it
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- directly.
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- SEQ files are useful when you are
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- dealing with information that will all
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- be read into the computer's memory at
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- one time -- letters, small data files,
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- etc.
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- REL files are useful when you have
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- too much information to read into
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- memory at once, or when you only want
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- to access a little of it at a time.
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- This makes them useful for business
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- and record keeping applications where
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- small amounts of data are to be kept
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- 'on file' for lots of people.
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- Enough generalities -- let's get
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- right into using RELative files.
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- We'll cover opening, closing, writing,
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- and reading them.
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- -------- Continued in Part 21 --------
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